Summary of Apple II Monitor Commands

Examining Memory.

• {adrs}
  Examines the value contained in one location.
• {adrs1}.{adrs2}
  Displays the values contained in all locations between {adrs1} and {adrs2}.
• [RETURN]
  Displays the values in up to eight locations following the last opened location.

Changing the Contents of Memory.

• {adrs}:{val} {val} ...
  Stores the values in consecutive memory locations starting at {adrs}.
• :{val} {val}
  Stores values in memory starting at the next changeable location.

Moving and Comparing.

• {dest}<{start}.{end}M
  Copies the values in the range {start}.{end} into the range beginning at {dest}. (M=move)
• {dest}<{start}.{end}V
  Compares the values in the range {start}.{end} to those in the range beginning at {dest}. (V=verify)

Saving and Loading via Cassette Tape.

• {start}.{end}W
  Writes the values in the memory range {start}.{end} onto tape, preceded by a ten-second leader.
• {start}.{end}R
  Reads values from tape, storing them in memory beginning at {start} and stopping at {end}. Prints "ERR" if an error occurs.

Running and Listing Programs.

• {adrs}G
  Transfers control to the machine language program beginning at {adrs}. (G=go)
• {adrs}L
  Disassembles and displays 20 instructions, starting at {adrs}. Subsequent L's will display 20 more instructions each. (L=list)

Miscellaneous.

• {adrs}S
  Disassemble, display, and execute the instruction at {adrs}, and display the contents of the 6502's internal registers. Subsequent S's will display and execute successive instructions. (S=step)
• {adrs}T
  Step infinitely. The TRACE command stops only when it executes a BRK instruction or when you press RESET. (T=trace)
• Contrl-E
  Displays the contents of the 6502's registers. (E=examine)
• I
  Set Inverse display mode.
• N
  Set Normal display mode. Also useful as a delimiter for putting multiple commands on one line.
• Control-B
  Enter the language currently installed in the Apple's ROM (cold start at $E000).
• Control-C
  Reenter the language currently installed in the Apple's ROM (warm start at $E003).
• {val1}+{val2}
  Add the two values and print the result.
• {val2}-{val1}
  Subtract the second value from the first and print the result.
• {slot} Control-P
  Divert output to the device whose interface card in in slot number {slot}. If {slot}=0, then route output to the Apple's screen.
• {slot} Control-K
  Accept input from the device whose interface card is in slot number {slot}. If {slot}=0, then accept input from the Apple's keyboard.
• Control-Y
  Jump to the machine language subroutine at location $03F8. This lets you add your own commands to the Monitor.

The Mini-Assembler.

• F666G
  Invoke the Mini-Assembler.
• ${command}
  Execute a Monitor command from the Mini-Assembler.
• FF69G
  Leave the Mini-Assembler.